School Leadership Essay Example

School Leadership Essay Example School Leadership Essay School Leadership Essay The working of the schools has been continually changing in light of the changing patterns in instruction. The establishments and edge work for change is presented by the head, who at that point logically adjusts it in collaboration with each one of those, whom it would matter. The conventional picture of a school chief being a solid director in a various leveled framework or a high gauge official, guaranteeing everyone’s congruity in line, is rapidly blurring. Never again is the chief performing simply stately or formal undertakings. The new age requests and hopes for something else from the instruction framework and views the chief to convey. A principal’s solid conviction and administration are significant for the achievement of school changes, over the long haul. A few ongoing investigations calling for school changes have accentuated the need to rethink the job of school head. The chief might be portrayed as the essential issue of the school change process, endeavo ring to adjust the prerequisites and view purposes of the instructors, network, area and state (Cushman, 1992). Extensively, the initiative characteristics of a chief is seen in the improvement of a school culture to encourage learning, set up shared learning objectives, perceive monetary and social issues that might be influence education.â Decentralization of dynamic to nearby school level, site-based administration and self-guided schools are turning out to be progressively normal which feature the need to survey the principal’s job (Caldwell and Spinks, 1992, 1998). Inferable from pressure for change and improvement in school working, a few government offices and offices related with the school training are helping in the expert advancement of the head. The need to work with outside network, oversee incomes, adjust educational program to make it good with set up norms and create dynamic bodies are a portion of the changed jobs proposed for chiefs (Barnett). Involving an essential situation in the mind boggling working of the school, the principal’s work fuses various jobs including those of clinician, educator, offices supervisor, logician, cop, ambassador, social laborer, guide, PR chief, mentor and team promoter. In any such job, the chief stands up to all limits related with it. For example managing a messed up window to a wrecked house, a wounded knee to a wounded inner self, a corroded funnel to a corroded instructor (Sherman, 2000). nbsp; REFERENCES Cushman K. (Sept. 1992) The Essential School Principal: A Changing Role in a Changing School.; Horace Vol. 9, # 1.. [Electronic Version]. Recovered on second May, 2007 from essentialschools.org/cs/assets/see/ces_res/102 Caldwell, B J Spinks, J M, (1992) Leading oneself overseeing school London, Falmer Press Sherman L. Spring (2000). The New Principal. MW Education [Electronic Version]. Recovered on second May, 2007 from www.sedl.org Schoolfile. The Role of the School Principal. [Electronic Version]. Recovered on second May, 2007 from schoolfile.com/cap_start/roleprin.htm Barnett B.G, The changing outside approach setting and the Role of the school head. Instructive Leadership and Policy Studies, University of Northern Colorado [Electronic Version]. Recovered on second May, 2007 from ncsl.org.uk

English Language Learners Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

English Language Learners - Essay Example The paper examines that essential language showing helps the two instructors and understudies. It helps instructors and understudies appropriately speak with one another. Understudies can pose inquiries to their instructors in their local dialects, which isn't simple if the correspondence language is other than their local dialects. In addition, understudies can likewise share their thoughts all the more successfully with their educators. Educators can move information to their understudies without any problem. It is likewise simple for the understudies to comprehend the ideas in their local dialects as a result of their recognition with those dialects. Today, a large portion of the organizations like to recruit such people who are capable in communicating in the English language. Those understudies, who have less comprehension of English, can't land lucrative positions. In this manner, the quantity of openings for work decline for such understudies, which is a significant impediment of being less capable in communicating in English. Today, a significant part of the common laborers from the immature nations is working in the created nations, for example, America, England, and Canada. In these nations, English is the language, which individuals use in each social, political, and proficient issue. Those individuals, who go from different nations to these nations for any reason, need to have a decent comprehension of the English language so as to be effective. Consequently, we can say that English ought to be the worldwide language on account of its present and anticipated across the board use in all aspects of the world.

Small Business Speech Free Essays

The Aspects of Running a Small Business General Purpose: To educate Specific Purpose: By the finish of my discourse, the crowd will have the option to distinguish four parts of working a private company. Focal Idea: Operating an effective private company expects regard for some angles including the executives, promoting, customers, and area. Authoritative Method: Topical Organization Intro: Who as ever needed to maintain their own business? You get the opportunity to make all the guidelines, instruct everybody, and invest the greater part of your energy sitting back in your enormous comfortable seat checking all the piles of cash your creation. We will compose a custom paper test on Independent company Speech or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now Okay need to maintain your own business now? All things considered, imagine a scenario in which I disclosed to you this isn’t what the normal entrepreneur does and is in reality quite a long way from the genuine valid. Today’s entrepreneurs are the spine and drive behind the accomplishment of a business or more all, accountable for and liable for everything the business does. In any case, there are numerous difficulties that face independent ventures today and an article composed by Michael Alter for INC. com in 2013 recorded that the significant difficulties for private companies recently have been the economy, government guidelines, and the expense condition (Alter, 2013). This is the reason working a fruitful private company today expects thoughtfulness regarding numerous viewpoints including the executives, promoting, clients, and area. I am by and by an entrepreneur and have worked a mid year rye wicking business since 2004, which clarifying that is another discourse in itself, so know the delights and inconveniences of maintaining your own business. Sign: The main part of a fruitful business is its administration. Body: I. Having the correct administration permits representatives to recognize what they’re doing and how it identifies with the objectives of the business. . Each business has a proprietor, or proprietors, who previously began the business and are the ones in control or successfully the supervisors for the business. b. It is basic for the proprietors to pass on their vision for the business to the representatives so everybody can comprehend the heading and objectives of the business (Kiser, 2004). c. Getting everybody on a simila r group and to comprehend what their activity is basic to the activity of an independent venture. Sign: As the board has to do with representatives, advertising centers around the ustomers. II. One of the most significant parts of maintaining a fruitful business is knowing the market. d. In addition to the fact that it is basic to know the item or administration being offered, knowing whom that great or administration is engaged towards is similarly significant. e. A statement by Scott Kiser in his Keys to Running a Successful Business in 2004 states â€Å"If everybody is your market, at that point nobody is your market† (Kiser, 2004). Which means an item can’t be offered to everybody except rather a particular market. f. Realizing what the objective market comprises of and if there are sufficient clients to keep up consistent business is a fundamental part in the accomplishment of the business. g. In my private issue, my client’s verbal promoting is one of the fundamental ways I gain business through offering a quality support. Sign: As showcasing manages finding the correct territory of clients, keeping the matter of clients is an entire distinctive part. III. Each business, little or enormous, needs clients to endure. h. Similarly as with showcasing, recognizing what clients inside the objective market need is pivotal for progress. . How the clients buy the administration or item alongside satisfying their developing need is an indispensable part in offering quality assistance and keeping their business (Kiser, 2004). j. Ensuring the item they purchase, or the administration gave, meets or surpasses the customer’s fulfillment is fundamental to keeping up a quality relationship. Sign: Just as clients are crucial to a business, the area fills are similarly significant need. IV. Each business needs an area to work from whether it has one worker or a thousand. k. The business area can mean the distinction among progress and disappointment, which is the reason the area is one of the absolute most significant factors in an independent venture as expressed via Caron Beesley of the U. S. Private venture Administration in 2013 (Beesley, 2013). l. Some business can be worked from home, while others need a physical customer facing facade. m. Either area can fill in as long as it doesn't meddle with the cooperation with the clients and the objective of the business. n. My private issue is based out of my home, however expects me to head out to every individual customer since it depends on an assistance. Sign: To sum up let’s glance back at the angles required for an effective independent venture. Decision: Running a private venture may appear to be a simple activity, yet in actuality, it expects consideration regarding numerous essential viewpoints. The executives is significant for coordinating workers and keeping the general objective alive. Promoting is required to know the necessities and needs of the clients and clients are required to for the business to endure. Area is imperative to the achievement of the business and the cooperation with the clients. So next time you hear somebody go on a tirade about private ventures and how â€Å"†¦you didn’t manufacture that, another person made that happen,† think about all the viewpoints depicted today (Staff, 2012). Think how every entrepreneur takes every one of these components into cautious thought so as to â€Å"build† an effective business. References Beesley, C. U. S. Private company Administration, (2013). The most effective method to pick the best area for your business. Recovered from site: http://www. sba. gov/network/online journals/how-pick best-area your-business Kiser, S. (2004). keys to maintaining a fruitful business. Streetdirectory. com. Recovered from http://www. streetdirectory. com/travel_guide/662/business_and_finance/7_keys_to_running_a_successful_business. html Michael, A. (2013, Jan 17). Private company overview: Best thoughts, greatest difficulties, and new year goals. INC. com. Recovered from http://www. inc. com/michael-modify/private ve nture overview best-thoughts greatest difficulties goals. html Staff. (2012, Sep 1). ‘you didn’t manufacture that:’ a topic outside of any relevant connection to the issue at hand. CNN. Recovered from http://www. cnn. com/2012/08/31/legislative issues/actuality registration this Step by step instructions to refer to Small Business Speech, Papers

Ethical Issues With an Aging Population - 275 Words

Ethical Issues With an Aging Population (Essay Sample) Content: ETHICAL ISSUES WITH AN AGING POPULATIONAuthor:Institution:Date of Submission:There are numerous practical and ethical challenges concerning resource allocation, and these issues are expected to become more salient if the dire predictions for the next few years will materialize. Health scholars are in agreement that there is a lack of a consensus regarding several policy questions that should guide caregiving to the elderly. It is important to note that many health expenses in late life are not guaranteed under the public health funds. Thus, the care for the elderly has always elicited many challenges, including resource allocation, organization and sustainability of the continuum services, and the issues of cultural competence in service delivery (Center for Disease Control, 2003). Apart from financial deliberations on how the resources should be provided, there are numerous ethical questions that need to be addressed regarding the criteria for resource allocation. So me of the challenges here include answering numerous questions such as:To what length should costly treatments be mobilized for frail adults in the last moments of their lives? (Crippen, Barnato, 2011).What are the necessary boundaries of government-funded, community-based services?How the balance should be found between public and individual responsibility when it comes to caring for the elderly?Frail adults are at increased risk for negative results and are the most outstanding consumers of health resources in both community and acute settings. In the future, there will be an increased demand for all services and goods needed by individuals starting from their seventieth to the tenth decade of their lives (Mick, Ackerman, 2002). In order to meet this growing demand, the diversity of demands, trajectories of health and impressive heterogeneity of the aging adults must be appreciated.ReferencesCenter for Disease Control, (2003). Public health and aging: Trends in agingUnited State s and worldwide. Retrieved 03 November 2014 from  HYPERLINK "http:...

Essay about Main Features of The New Deal - 4123 Words

Main Features of The New Deal In 1929, the stock market collapsed causing a worldwide economic depression, destroying America’s economy with many people losing their life savings therefore thrusting them into unemployment and poverty. Unemployment reached highs of over 13 million whilst the GNP for the country reached as low as $58 billion, compared to the $100 billion+ pre depression figures, because demand and production fell so dramatically. People were forced out of their homes and moved to shantytowns known as ‘Hoovervilles’. The president in power at the time, J. Edgar Hoover, refused to use the government funds in order to help the American people. He believed that America was a land of†¦show more content†¦The main features of the New Deal were what are known as the alphabet agencies as they all their names were reduced to acronyms, which were government, funded and employed many people. Each agency had specific responsibilities to help get America back on track. The initial a gencies were: Federal Emergency Relief Administration, Civilian Conservation Corps, Public Works Administration (which later became the Works Progress Administration), Agricultural Adjustment Administration and the Tennessee Valley Authority. Another feature of the New Deal was the various acts passed, which were: The Emergency Banking Act, Securities Exchange Act and the National Industrial Recovery Act. The first thing Roosevelt did as part of his New Deal was to pass the aforementioned Emergency Banking Act which declared a bank holiday and closed all banks for at least 8 days. During those 8 days, government workers investigated the banks reopening only those that were deemed reliable, sound and safe. Soon they officially opened 5000 banks reassuring Americans that their money was indeed safe. This helped solve the depression partly as it helped return some confidence to the Americans, which meant that more people would spend or invest money. This was a huge success because as soon as the banks had re-opened, over $1 billion was deposited back into them. While this was taking place, RooseveltShow MoreRelatedMain Features of the New Deal Essay1683 Words   |  7 PagesMain Features of the New Deal In 1932 Roosevelt came to power. He aimed to invest government money in making America prosperous again after the depression years of Hoover. Roosevelts main aims were to reduce unemployment and get Americans earning money again, to protect peoples savings, homes and livelihoods, to provide relief for the ill, the elderly and the unemployed and to get American industry and agriculture running once again. In his first hundred daysRead MoreThe Main Features of The New Deal Essay848 Words   |  4 PagesThe Main Features of The New Deal When Roosevelt came to power in 1933 he immediately set about stopping the depression and to bring economic recovery. He done this by a bill called The New Deal, the main aim of this was to provide relief for victims of the depression. Because of Roosevelt was so successful with his plan and term of presidency he was elected for another three more times until 1948. The main important time during his presidency and The New Deal wasRead MoreThe Main Features of the New Deal Essay1742 Words   |  7 PagesThe Main Features of the New Deal The New Deals were a series of Acts and schemes which Roosevelt hoped would pull America out of the depression. Roosevelt decided to tackle the economic problems before he did anything else because he knew that a strong and reliable money system would build up confidence in the Americans, which would act as a foundation for the American economy. In 1933 Roosevelt proved to the Americans that the promises he made before he was presidentRead MoreWhat Is A Steady Approach To Introducing A Minimum Viable Product736 Words   |  3 Pagesworks. Once you are up with the rough version of what you want, then scale it up from there. Lean Startup movement is behind the whole idea of MVP. A MVP can be based on strategies directed towards designing and launching a product to the market. The main goal is to minimize the development cost and provide quickly and immediately. So if you are ready to work on any idea you got, here are basic things you should consider before creating a MVP. Do your Homework! In Lean Startup methodology, it is allRead MoreQuestions On Advance Software Engineering1655 Words   |  7 Pagesnot for particular interval or not and thus it improves safety and reliability. 2. Describe the Feature Drive Development process. Why is FDD better than most software development paradigms? What are some issues with this methodology? Why is having a 2 week feature development time advantageous over methodologies that have significantly longer development iterations?(Min 200 words) Solution: Feature driven development is an agile process that can be applied to any software project irrespectiveRead MoreTips For A Day Caribbean Cruise For $ 179, Affordable, Reliable And Upfront About Real Totals1107 Words   |  5 PagesThere is an endless number of travel sites out there, all claiming to have the lowest fares, cheapest rooms and best deals, but most of them neglect to mention their outlandish hidden fees and costs. I couldn t count the number of times I ve thought I found a great deal, like a 4 day Caribbean cruise for $179, just to have the total be teetering on $1000 by the time they add in taxes, security fees, and baggage costs. So I ve compiled a list of all the sites I ve found to be the most affordableRead MoreWaterfall Life Cycle Model and Agile Methodology1355 Words   |  5 Pagesresolved. If stakeholders, developers or system analysts want to make some changes or give some feedback that can be included in the processing of second part. Because this method allows making changes in between, developers can add various features like new code, latest updates or patches in the existing code. In agile methodology, end product is delivered on time as each part is tested and bugs are resolved. Hence agile method is used in those companies where rapid production is required and endRead MoreCase Study : Strategies And Solutions Essay1047 Words   |  5 PagesCX Strategies: Technically, Avtex Solutions has two main practice areas, which are contact center (CC) technologies, and CRM solutions. However, as time went on, the company started to mold the two separate areas together under customer experience (CX). They established this innovation through the realization that they were leaving money on the table when it came to cx consulting. Chris Munshaw has stepped into the lead role for this effort at Avtex, and his official title is CX Evangelist. â€Å"I guessRead MoreCall Of Duty : Black Ops IIi1104 Words   |  5 Pageschanged both the landscape as well as the future of the human race, with society violently protesting and attempting to halt further advancements touted by scientists as progress. Military technology has progressed to the point where robotics play a main role in combat, and supersoldiers have been developed to fight in the battlefield. Humans have reached the point where they are considered to be more machine than flesh and blood. As a result, there is speculation and fear about an eventual roboticRead MoreApple s New Digital Wallet998 Words   |  4 Pageswidely used around the world to make payments. Apple in a recent news report mentioned that its new digital wallet â€Å"ApplePay† will be very successful in the coming years. Hence, the main question that stands out from all of them is that what are going to be the advantages and the disadvantages. Apple’s digital wallet is the main point of view in this essay. ApplePay one could say is an alternative to Google Wallet but with a lot more features in it. There are a lot of rumors going on but according to the

Differences between family in western and eastern culture

As I stand here in the middle of the dance floor at my brother s wedding, listening to the very Punjabi bhangra music blasting on the wall speakers, I walk the fine line between being conservative Indian - those of Ivy League chemical engineering PhD s, of having no less than 50 cousins, of spending every spare moment in life with family - and being a Westerner, coolly expressing my ever-apparent condescending attitude towards those of the East, looking in disgust at the seemingly uncouth Indian parents who smooch their children at every chance. I have been on this line my whole life, torn between two cultures - the Indian, and the American. The main differences between the two lie in the attitudes towards family, which eventually†¦show more content†¦This topic, of disrespecting elders, can be carried on ad nauseum by anyone who has seen the differences between the Eastern and Western cultures. The difference is striking. In India, were a parent to ask their child to vacate the living room, as family was about to visit, the response would almost invariably be Haa ji... abhi jhaatha hoon, meaning yes, of course... I will go right away. Let me recall an incident in the family living room during the summer of 1995 when my grandmother was visiting America (and a country other than India) for the first time. My younger brother, who had lived all his life in America, was having trouble tying his shoes, as he was only five years old. My grandmother, with the back problems, arthritis and all, bent down to help him. My brother, having just reached the tender age of five, put his fingers under my grandmother s chin, tilted up her head, and slapped her in the face twice. In case you are in shock, which is likely, read that sentence again - it actually happened. I know, of course, that this is in no way typical, but it is hard not to see the difference that growing up in the two different cultures can have. There are, of course, the negatives to the Indian side of my life and family - again tying in with the respect demanded by the older generations. Sometimes they can end up being a trifle condescending and excessively demanding of the youngest generations, a generation that, at the moment, includesShow MoreRelatedCultural Differences Between The East And West Essay1010 Words   |  5 PagesCultural differences between the east and west There is a great different between the cultures of western country and eastern country. The cultures of the East and the West really distinguish each other a lot. This is because the culture systems are two separate systems on the whole. Due to the far distance and the steep areas between the East and West, they grew up in their own ways with few cultural exchange so cultural differences has been formed a lot. I’m going to describe the differences in threeRead MoreExamine the Roles of Hierarchy and Power Within East and Western Enterprises1157 Words   |  5 PagesContents Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 2 Culture............................................................................................................................................. 2 Eastern culture versus Western culture ........................................................................................... 3 Power Distance Index (PDI): Geert Hofstede ..................Read MoreAnalysis Of Ayaan Hirsi Ali Speaks Of Honor Killings And Forced Marriages1519 Words   |  7 Pagesforced marriages in Middle Eastern society in the The AHA Foundation 2nd Annual Conference. She begins with describing her personal situation when she was younger; her arranged marriage to a relative and then her escape to the Netherlands at the age of twenty-two in an effort to avoid this marriage where she was met with an entirely different culture where the pressure of the honor of the fam ily was not forced upon females by both female and male parties within the family. She noted how Dutch womenRead MoreHow Education Can Be Run And Who Should Benefit From It?873 Words   |  4 Pagesacross cultures. Those who belong to the Eastern and Western cultures share similar views of education being the key to success, yet both cultures have their own views on how to get to that point of success. Therefore, most cultures have very different views on how an education system should be run and who should benefit from it. Comparing four popular world cultures, there are significant differences in the role education plays between each. This paper will explore not only the differences in theRead MoreRelationships Between Western And Western Culture1182 Words   |  5 PagesIntertextual relationships between texts exist to influence a reader’s perception and add layers of depth to the texts’ meanings resulting in a heightened experience and a more significant compreh ension of the texts’ ideas. Detecting such intertextual relationships between two wildly different texts; Walt Disney’s 1994 animated musical epic, The Lion King, and Studio Gainax’s 2007 animated mecha television series, Gurren Lagann, has enriched my understanding of the differences between the texts’ representationRead MoreWomens Pain Perception in Childbirth738 Words   |  3 Pagesare divided into Middle-Eastern women and Western women. The women ranged in ages from nineteen to thirty-eight. There were thirty people from the Western group and that consisted of women whose mothers were born in Europe, the US or another English speaking country. There were fifty-three women from the Middle Eastern Group and that consisted of women whose mothers were born in Asia, North African or another Middle Eastern countries. The women were classified by the cultures but were also classifiedRead MoreComparing Elder Care Between The West And The East1153 Words    |  5 Pagesexamine how different countries and cultures treat as well as take care of their vulnerable citizens. This essay will make an attempt to look at the differences in elder care between the west and the east. A test of people is how it behaves toward the old. It is easy to love children. Even tyrants and dictators make a point of being fond of children. However, the affection and care for the old, the incurable, the helpless are the true gold mines of a culture. ― Abraham Joshua Heschel It is theRead MoreThrough Out Middle East The Lives Of Women Appear To Have1568 Words   |  7 Pagespolygamous families. Another woman author, Leila Abouzeid, explores similar elements in the work Return to Childhood, which is based in islamic Morocco. Fernea, who the women of the harem call Beeja, presents experiential information about the life of both women and men and her role within her husband s life as it reflects upon this eastern culture. This provides for an interesting perspective about the different roles of men and women in distant eastern cultures. Abouzeid also comments on family structureRead MoreCultural Differences between the West and East716 Words   |  3 Pagescertain cultures, it is more than apparent, that the set of beliefs will be very much different. This essay sets it goal to compare Western World, here represented by Europe and the USA, and Eastern World, represented by the Eastern and the Southeastern Asia. While most of the Eastern Asia is heavily tr aditional because of influence of Confucianism and Taoism, the West is more liberal and atheistic. Because of this, these two cultures parts away in questions of family traditions, family bonds, generalRead MoreThai vs Western Culture1605 Words   |  7 Pages Many countries have different religions and cultures. Culture is a form of human intellectual achievements. It is like learning a human’s behavior pattern. It does not matter what background you have or which part of the world you are from, everybody has a culture in them in some way. It involves interactions between people, for example verbal communication, non verbal communication and or facial expressions. For verbal communication people tend to greet each other in the politest way using common

Business Function Outsourcing Business and Management

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Function Outsourcingfor Business and Management. Answer: Introduction: Outsourcing can be defined as the process of delegating the internal work of the company to the third party. It is required by the companies in todays world to outsource some of the functions as it provides the companies with the best quality work in an effective manner. By outsourcing the work, companies can concentrate on their important function or the exclusive processes that is more important for the company to be focused upon. The investment of the company in hiring the professional to do that outsourced work is reduced as their work is done by third party Company on fewer prices (Bustinza, Molina and gutierrez?gutierrez, 2010). The below discussion is based on some of the articles, in which authors have discussed about the advantages ad disadvantages of outsourcing in the firms. This provide a clear idea of what are the situations that the companies are facing in terms of outsourcing their work with the third arty mad what are the actual disadvantages of the outsourcing functi on. What is Outsourcing: Outsourcing is defined differently by different authors but the actual gist of the authors is almost similar. Tayauova suggests that outsourcing is the combination of two words that is out and sourcing (Tayauova, G., 2012) After the combing the words, the definition of outsourcing can be predicted as taking help of the third party to conduct one of the function of the organization that is not so important. Antonucci, Frank and James in their article have also given the definition of outsourcing in terms of IT business. This is because this article is based on IT outsourcing. The author says that outsourcing is about making contract with the companies which are specialized in the field of IT. This helps the non IT companies to conduct their IT work outside the organization in cheaper and effective way. Outsourcing is the process that focuses on a particular kind of function that is performed by the company which is specialized in that field (Antonucci, Lordi and Tucker III, 1998). Sup pose, if any of the company wants to outsource its IT functions then the company has to come in contract with any of the IT outsourcing firm which can di that work for them. This help thee outsourced company to earn revenue and the benefits the other organization as their work can be conducted in effective way. The effectiveness is high because the outsourcing firm has the potential to hire more efficient workers and employees then other firms (Wllenweber, Beimborn, Weitzel and Knig, 2008). IT outsourcing is considered as the most crucial outsourcing by the author because, in case of IT outsourcing, the firms also have to invest money in training their employees so that they can at least have the basic knowledge about the software that the firm is using. Thus, it may be possible that outsourcing the IT functions may create mess in the organization as the IT specialist are not present in the organization but are at third party place (Carettas, 2009). It increase the training cost of the company as a whole. Some of the author argues that outsourcing is not about delegating the functions of the companies but it can also be done in case of decision making. This suggests that the decision that has been taken for the company is taken by the third party organization. This can be done in order to restrict the biasness as the third party conduct in-depth research on the issue without any partiality and takes decision accordingly (Ellram, Tate and Billington, 2008). Tayauova has discussed that the process of outsourcing is based on some of the theories. The major theory is the resource based theory which argues that the company used outsourcing method in order to fight with its weakness on one or the other process or function. Another theory is related to core competencies which are considered as the most relevant theory by most of the authors (Tayauova, G., 2012). This is because this theory suggests that outsourcing is done in order to support the organization to focu s on its core competencies. As the work that is not the main focus of the company is outsourced, the company has the capital and the resources to invest on its core competencies. As far as the third theory is considered, it is named as transaction theory. It is related to the cost of the activities conducted in the organization that needs to be outsourced (Gewald and Dibbern, 2009). The cost of every activity is determined in case of in house functioning and outsourcing and then the decision has been made whether the activity needs to be outsourced or not. Outsourcing: Advantages and Disadvantages: Al-Mutairi and Abdulrahman in this article suggested that the entire manufacturing firm should outsource some of its functions so that the fir can concentrate on its manufacturing function because it is the main function of the organization to earn revenue. As every coin have two sides so as any of the processes such as outsourcing (Al-Mutairi, A.O. and Al-Hammad, A., 2015) Outsourcing has many advantages and the first advantage that is considered to be the main advantage for the any of the company is reduction in the expenses of the company for the process that is outsourced. It has been identified that the firms should associate the cost with every activity and then outsources the activities that may cost less when outsourced. Other factors should also be considered along with this. Now, the question arises that how outsourcing can save money (Haugen, Musser and Lovelace, 2009). This is because the firms need not to hire the employees for that particular function that is to be outs ourced. Other than hiring, there is training cost also associated when any new member or employee is hired in the organization. Thus, outsourcing cuts down these costs of the company that is much higher than what the company pays to the third party in some of the functions. As the cost of the organization can be saved by using this method, this cost can be invested to some other activities that are core for the company (Kurdia, Abdul-Tharim, Jaffar, Azli, Shuib and Ab-Wahid, 2011). This acts as another advantage of outsourcing. Author has argued that manufacturing firm needs to outsource its function such as HR, IT etc. so that the firm can put on all its focus on manufacturing activities. This provides two way benefits to the organization first is that the organization can effectively perform its core processes and other is the outsource function that will also be conducted effectively as the outsourcing company is specialized in that particular field. In addition to all these adva ntages and benefits, one more advantage of outsourcing is the flexibility. The company or the third party organization is caoable of adaotng the changes in the external envirinmnt of the organization (Lacity, Khan and Willcocks, 2009). Thus, it helps the organization also who have outsourced their work. After assessing the advantages of outsourcing, the author has also mentioned some of the disadvantages of the process. The first disadvantage that has been argued by the author is about the loss of control of the management. It is obvious that if any organization outsource one of its function from another organization than they cannot have direct authority to manage work and the management loss the control over their work only. This is because now the third party management has to handle all the activities. In that case, loss of data can be also a threat. As the company needs to outsource its function, they have to discuss and disclose some of its internal data with the third party c ompany which can be leaked or misused by the firm (Liou and Chuang, 2010). Such practices are considered as very unethical in the business environment but it can affect the companies in negative way. Outsourcing affects the employees of the company in negative way. If the company outsources any of its function, it needs to downsize the organization structure. This downsizing can leads to firing of the employees who were working in the function that has been unstructured from now (Mani, Barua and Whinston, 2010). Thus, this creates a negative impact on the mindset of the employees as these practices develop the threat among the minds of the employees. The articles that have been studied in this literature review are somewhat similar to each other but the differences have been observed in the industries that have been discussed in different articles (Mohr, Sengupta and Slater, 2011). Tayauova has discussed about the banking industry while Al-Mutairi and Abdulrahman has discussed about the manufacturing industry. Another article that has been taken into account for understanding the topic is about the IT industry. After analyzing these articles, it has be determined that whatever be the industries, outsourcing has advantages and disadvantages for every industry in the market. Conclusion: The above literature review provides the knowledge about different aspects of outsourcing in different industries. It has been determined that outsourcing has been given different definition but the basic meaning of the term can be defined as the process in which work or a particular function of a company is delegated to the third party in order to get the work done from out of the company (Wadhwa and Ravindran, 2007). This facilitates the company to get it work done in cheaper and effective way. The companies also needs to face some of the obstacle at the time of outsourcing such as loss of management, fault by the third party, ineffective work, loss of data and security etc. these loses can be harmful for the company at the end. Thus, it is necessary for the company to have a proper approach before outsourcing its function or any of its work. The major point that has been discussed by every author is that the main advantage of outsourcing is that the companies can focus on their co re activities (Williamson, 2008). Core activities mean the main activities of the company's business. As the other activities and functions of the company are being outsourced so the company has the opportunity to deal with its core activities. All the resources that have been available with the company can be used to concentrate on the activities that are major for the companys business. The overall discussion suggests that outsourcing is the crucial decision to be taken by any of the company. Thus, company should make analysis of the situation properly before outsourcing any of its functions. References: Al-Mutairi, A.O. and Al-Hammad, A., 2015 Advantages and Disadvantages of Maintenance Outsourcing in Manufacturing Companies: With Special References to Jubail Industrial CityKSA.European Journal of Business and Management,7(20), pp. 8-27 Antonucci, Y.L., Lordi, F.C. and Tucker III, J.J., 1998. The pros and cons of IT outsourcing.Journal of Accountancy,185(6), p.26. Bustinza, O.F., Molina, L.M. and gutierrez?gutierrez, L.J., 2010. 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